1. Buy a "strategic review" rumour after the pop fades — and bracket it between the sponsor floor and the strategic ceiling 11:16
The repeatable method
- Treat a credible sale report (named banks hired, a wire-service source) as the trigger, but do not chase the first print; wait for the rumour premium to half-fade and buy the retracement, leaving room to add lower.
- Build the floor from what a financial buyer can pay: forward EBITDA × the multiple peers trade at (the level a leveraged buyout can finance off the target's own free cash flow), less net debt, per share. Legacy private-equity holders from before the IPO make that bid more plausible.
- Build the ceiling from a strategic buyer who can strip duplicate costs (and, less reliably, cross-sell): a higher multiple, then a high-synergy bull case above it.
- Put your base case between floor and strategic, not at the bull case, and express each as upside from today's price.
- Rank the buyers by capacity and motive, not by fit alone — who has the balance sheet, the strategic need and the regulatory path right now — and mark the ones that are distracted.
- Check that the business is worth owning if no deal comes: margins, recurring revenue, switching costs, and why it is hard to disrupt.
Here: WAY jumped 12% on a Reuters report that it hired Evercore and Barclays; "we waited for them to sell off a little bit… to up 6-7%, we added a position. We still have room to add more… in the 25s." Floor: "about 14 times EBITDA… about $31 a share," with "EQT or CPPIB, who previously backed Waystar prior to its IPO" able to "anchor a valuation floor around $31 to $33." Strategic: "around 16 times… about $37"; bull "around $40." Base: "between the sponsor LBO floor and the strategic M&A… low 30s to mid-30s." Buyers ranked — Optum, CVS, Veritas, Thoma Bravo likeliest; Oracle "a low probability because it's having its own problems." The standalone case: a 42% EBITDA margin, ~$300M unlevered FCF at 10.5-11× forward EBITDA, and "healthcare providers cannot operate without receiving payment."
Watch for
- A confirmed process (second-round bids, a named sponsor or strategic), any denial or "no longer exploring" language, the price slipping back to the pre-rumour level (the floor was always the business, not the bid), and antitrust signals if a payer like Optum emerges as the buyer.
2. Accumulate a commodity producer in its seasonally weak window — after pricing the bear case, on deliberately conservative inputs 24:16
The repeatable method
- Look for a quality producer at its lows of the year for a reason that is seasonal or weather-driven (a warm-winter scare), while the multi-year demand drivers are intact.
- Confirm the balance sheet has changed: compare net debt today to the last cycle's peak; a de-levered producer survives a long trough.
- Compute the free-cash-flow yield to equity on next year's numbers; a double-digit yield is the core of the case.
- Model three cases on inputs you would defend as conservative (flat or falling long-dated commodity prices, a modest EV/EBITDAX multiple) and write the up/down ratio. Require the bear case to lose little.
- Start with a meaningful starter and pre-commit to scheduled adds through the weak season rather than one purchase.
Here: EXE — "natural gas is quite cheap in the US right now… we could have a warm winter… it could be a good time over the next six months to accumulate," with the stock "basically trading at the lows of the year." Debt from "over 10 billion… before 2019" to ~$3bn net; "a 15% free cash flow yield to equity on 2026." Cases: bear "about 80… around 10% downside," base $129, bull "around 152… about 70% upside… basically like up seven down one," on "$70 of oil in 2028, 2029," Henry Hub $3.34-3.75 and "a mid-five times multiple, EV to EBITDAX, which is also not that egregious." Execution: "we added 20 basis points here on Friday, which is a very big starter position, and we'll continue to add to it through March."
Watch for
- Henry Hub versus the model's $3.34-3.53 deck; storage versus the five-year average into winter; US LNG export volumes and new terminal start-ups; European TTF (Qatar offline); any data-centre gas-power contracts; and the company's free-cash-flow guide against the $2.5-3bn assumption.
3. Price the hidden fast-growing segment at its pure-play competitor's multiple — and accept less upside for less volatility 33:51
The repeatable method
- Find a company whose valuation is set by its large, slow legacy business while a smaller segment competes head-on with a richly valued pure-play.
- Compute the pure-play's trailing and forward EV/EBITDA directly (market cap over EBITDA, both years).
- Apply a similar or slightly lower multiple to the hidden segment's EBITDA alone and divide by the parent's shares; if that segment alone approaches or exceeds the share price, the legacy business is in for free.
- Grade the result honestly — the upside may be modest — and weigh it against the downside protection the stable legacy business gives in a sector sell-off.
- Look for a catalyst stream (contract announcements, partnerships) that makes the segment visible to the market.
Here: NOK against CIEN: "Ciena trades at a 50 billion market cap and has only done about 1 billion of EBITDA… 50 times trailing… 1.4 billion of EBITDA next year… a 36 times forward multiple… value Nokia's optical segment at a similar kind of 35 to 40 times multiple… Nokia is probably worth around $13 a share" versus $10.68. The grading: "this one's not as interesting, but it's also one of the lower volatility AI names. This is not a name that's going to sell off 20, 30% in short order." The visibility: AI-RAN trials and a Microsoft agentic-AI deal in the same week — "it keeps announcing new contracts."
Watch for
- Ciena's multiple (if the comp de-rates, the target falls with it), the optical segment's reported growth and margin, further hyperscaler or telco contract announcements, and whether management signals any structural separation that would force the market to value the segment on its own.
4. When a great business is simply too expensive, write the entry price down now — and use the backlog's timing as the reason to be patient 28:31
The repeatable method
- Separate the quality verdict from the price verdict and say both out loud ("very good company… kind of expensive").
- Set a specific pullback level at which you would buy, and keep the name on the watch list instead of buying a starter.
- Quantify the secular driver as a stock and a flow: the pipeline relative to the installed base, the dollar content per unit, the backlog growth and book-to-bill.
- Check when the pipeline converts to revenue. If most of it lands years out, there is no urgency to pay today's price — the visibility is long, which is exactly why a pullback can be waited for.
Here: ETN — "a very, very good company to own. We think it's kind of expensive at the moment, but we think it's a buy on pullbacks under $400 a share… Eaton we're going to wait on." The driver: 342 GW of tracked projects against ~50 GW of global capacity, content "1.5 million per megawatt… expanded to 3.4 million," backlog +103% with book-to-bill 1.2-1.3. The timing: "most of this pipeline represents revenues that will not show up on P&L for this company until 2028 and beyond."
Watch for
- The share price against $400; quarterly orders and book-to-bill staying above 1.2; the tracked-pipeline figure at the next update; progress on the mobility spin; and any sign the AI power build slips (grid interconnection delays hurt timing, not the order book).
5. Trade a swinging merger spread rather than holding it to close — buy it wide, sell it tight, buy it back 07:51
The repeatable method
- Size into an arbitrage when regulatory noise blows the spread out well beyond the deal's real risk.
- Take profits as clearances narrow it — most of the return arrives before the closing date.
- Keep watching after you sell: set a re-entry spread and buy again when the next scare widens it.
- Track each regulatory step as it clears; each one lowers the fair spread, which is what makes the widenings buyable.
Here: WBD / Paramount — "we were adding to this arb spread… at about 20%… then it tightened to like seven, now it's back at 10. So, if it widens past 10, we might add a little bit more after we sold… when they widen out a lot, you can buy them, when they shrink, you sell them and then you can buy them again… We've been in and out of Warner Brothers–Paramount like three times." The clearance this week: "the FCC approved Paramount's foreign investment backing… one step closer."
Watch for
- The gross spread crossing above 10%, state AG actions and any DOJ remedy talks, the ticking fee past October 1, and the remaining approvals — each clearance should make the next widening cheaper insurance.
6. Own a cyclical windfall as insurance on its duration: compare what the market assumes about how long it lasts with what one more year would pay 36:23 · 01:43:58
The repeatable method
- When a crisis creates extraordinary earnings for one industry, estimate how many years of those earnings the share price already assumes.
- Compute what an extra year would do: free cash flow against market cap, the ability to repay all debt, and the size of possible one-off dividends.
- Check the contract structure — if old, cheaper contracts are still rolling onto today's rates, earnings rise even if spot rates stop rising.
- Classify the position honestly: it is a hedge against the crisis lasting, not a directional long; size it and add to it as a hedge, and do not chase a run-up.
- Prefer it to the more obvious hedge when the obvious one can be managed by policy (oil via reserve releases).
Here: spot VLCCs "from… 50,000 a day to over a million dollars a day." STNG at $87, "only like five times EBITDA… a billion and a half of free cash flow… a 33% free cash flow yield… only paying a 2% dividend." The duration test: "the market is only expecting one year of super high earnings… if they were to generate as much cash… next year, not only would they be able to pay off all their debt, they would be able to pay 20, 30% one-time dividends." The classification: "I think of tanker stocks as basically a hedge to the portfolio… I wouldn't add them now as an outright long." Why not oil: "the federal government… with SPR releases, they could manipulate the price of oil short-term." Held: IMPP, FRO named with STNG.
Watch for
- Spot and one-year time-charter rates, Bab-el-Mandeb and Hormuz transits, the East-West pipeline repair (3-6 weeks), any US operation against the Houthis, dividend and buyback announcements, and the share of each fleet still on legacy contracts.
7. When the rate regime makes income cheap, compare the income vehicles on discount, yield, leverage and duration — and rebalance from equities 01:22:05 · 01:04:59
The repeatable method
- Start with the cross-asset test: compare the equity market's free-cash-flow yield (or its equity risk premium) to the 10-year yield. When equities are historically expensive against bonds, income deserves more weight.
- Screen closed-end bond funds for a move from premium to discount to NAV; a discount means buying the underlying bonds below value.
- For each, write down yield, discount, leverage and duration against simpler alternatives — long Treasuries (TLT) for duration, munis (compare the taxable-equivalent yield to investment-grade corporates) for safety.
- Add baby bonds and preferreds that sold off with rates, where the issuer's credit is intact.
- Frame it as rebalancing for portfolios over-weighted in stocks, not as a bet on rates falling — though if hikes break growth, bonds become the best performer anyway.
Here: "If you compare the S&P 500 free cash flow yield to the 10-year Treasury yield, stocks are the most expensive versus bonds that they've been in 26 years." The vehicles: "I've been adding to PAX, PDO. They trade at like 5% discounts to NAV and they pay about 13% monthly dividends… the average duration… is also lower than TLT, but they do have a little bit of leverage… you can earn basically twice what you can earn in munis, while munis are a lot safer." Munis: "taxable equivalent yields for muni bonds currently exceed those on investment grade corporate bonds." Baby bonds: "We've also been adding to RWT and RWTQ." The frame: "a good time for investors whose portfolios have fallen out of balance… with overexposure to stocks to allocate more to closed-end funds" (PDO, PDI, PAX, RWT).
Watch for
- CEF discounts narrowing back toward NAV (the entry edge gone) or widening further; distribution cuts; the 10-year holding near 5% (his "close to their peaks"); credit spreads, since leveraged credit funds fall with them; and baby-bond prices against par.
8. In a spin-off, value SpinCo and RemainCo separately — expect the weaker half to sell off and the better half to catch a bid — and track the legal gate 07:51 · 01:45:24
The repeatable method
- Assign each piece its own multiple: the high-moat business at a premium, the legacy or liability-carrying business at a discount.
- Identify why the split exists — often to isolate a liability from the better business — and whether that liability can follow the good business anyway.
- Expect index and mandate selling in the less attractive piece after separation, and buying in the better one.
- Monitor court or regulatory challenges to the separation date; a blocked spin collapses the thesis to the pre-split conglomerate multiple.
- Check the quality of the prized business directly: licensing, pricing power in a downturn, royalty economics.
Here: CTVA — seeds at "between 16 and 17 times… a $45 billion market cap" versus RemainCo at "about eight times… 11 to 12 billion… one of the few scenarios where the RemainCo should probably sell off and… the seed business could actually catch a bid." The why: "the seeds business, it won't be tainted by that potential PFAS liability." The gate: "California's AG along with 19 other states asked a federal court… to temporarily block the October 1st spin." The quality: "farmers buy yield, not commodity inputs," +3% seed price-mix in a weak farm economy, a 2026 flip to "a royalty positive company."
Watch for
- The South Carolina court's ruling on the injunction; the October 1 date; when-issued trading in both pieces; RemainCo's PFAS reserves and capitalisation; and the seed unit's first standalone guidance.
9. Judge a policy move by asking what problem it can actually solve — then pick which of the two failure modes you are in 01:13:03 · 01:16:07 · 01:18:24
The repeatable method
- Name the source of inflation (demand, supply, energy, tariffs) and ask whether the instrument reaches it.
- List the transmission channels the move can use (housing, labour, financial conditions) and check each: is it already weak, too small to matter, or politically intolerable?
- Compare to the last cycle's helpers and check which are absent now.
- Conclude which failure mode applies — the tool bites growth harder than before, or it is too weak to move inflation — and translate that into a range (inflation band, number of hikes) to position around.
Here: "What problem does the economy have that higher interest rates will solve? Higher rates cannot fix oil prices." Housing's contribution is "already quite low," wages already lag inflation, and tighter financial conditions are "the most painful way… all of the voters would be furious." Absent helpers: migration, savings, a construction boom. The conclusion: "either rate hikes will have a more negative effect on growth than they did in the prior cycle, or they will be insufficient to meaningfully bring down inflation… inflation stays elevated in the 3 to 3.5 range." (Much of this section is read from an unattributed written note.)
Watch for
- The next dot plot versus market pricing (one hike versus three), core PCE against the 3-3.5% band, credit-card and auto delinquencies, the labour force count, and oil — the variable the Fed cannot reach.
Methods distilled from the premium Special Situations Report weekly call (2026-09-20; transcript and report PDFs in this folder; notes in transcript.md) for personal study. Not investment advice. © Special Situations Report for source material.